📘 āĻŦāχ: ABCD āĻĨেāĻ•ে English Grammar āĻ“ Literature

āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ā§§ā§­

SUBJECT & PREDICATE

āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝেāϰ āĻ•āϰ্āϤা āĻ“ āĻŦিāϧেāϝ় — āĻāĻ•āϟি English Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻ­িāϤāϰেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ াāĻŽো

āϞেāĻ–āĻ•: Sayan Das


🌱 āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া

āĻĒ্āϰিāϝ় āĻļিāĻ•্āώাāϰ্āĻĨীāϰা,

āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ “ABCD āĻĨেāĻ•ে English Grammar āĻ“ Literature” āĻŦāχāϝ়েāϰ ā§§ā§­āϤāĻŽ āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ—āϤāĻŽ।

āĻ—āϤ āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āφāĻŽāϰা āĻļিāĻ–েāĻ›ি Sentence & Sentence Structure। āφāĻŽāϰা āϜেāύেāĻ›ি āϝে āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ English Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻ•াāĻ াāĻŽো āĻšāϞো—

Subject + Predicate

āφāϜ āφāĻŽāϰা āĻāχ āĻĻুāχāϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ•ে āφāϰāĻ“ āĻ—āĻ­ীāϰāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦুāĻāĻŦ।

āĻāĻ•āϟি Sentence āĻĒāĻĄ়ে āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻ–ুāĻŦ āϏāĻšāϜে āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻĒাāϰো—

“āĻ•ে āĻŦা āĻ•ী āύিāϝ়ে āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে?”

āĻāĻŦং

“āϤাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻ•ী āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে?”

āϤাāĻšāϞে āϤুāĻŽি Subject āĻāĻŦং Predicate āϚিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে।


ā§§. Subject āĻ•ী?

Subject āĻšāϞো Sentence-āĻāϰ āϏেāχ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি, āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖী, āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻŦা āĻŦিāώāϝ়, āϝাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ় āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āϝে āĻ•াāϜāϟি āĻ•āϰে।

āϏāĻšāϜ āĻ­াāώাāϝ়:

Who or what the sentence is about = Subject

Example:

Rahul plays football.

āĻāĻ–াāύে āĻ•াāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে?

Rahul

āϤাāχ:

Rahul = Subject


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

The dog is barking.

āĻ•াāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে?

The dog

āϤাāχ:

The dog = Subject


⧍. Predicate āĻ•ী?

Subject āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে Sentence-āĻ āϝা āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়, āϤাāĻ•ে Predicate āĻŦāϞে।

Example:

Rahul plays football.

Subject:

Rahul

Predicate:

plays football

āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž—

Subject + Predicate

Rahul + plays football


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

The dog is barking.

Subject:

The dog

Predicate:

is barking


ā§Š. Subject āĻ“ Predicate-āĻāϰ āϏāĻšāϜ Formula

āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻ–ো:

Sentence = Subject + Predicate

Example:

Sayan is a teacher.

Sayan → Subject

is a teacher → Predicate


The children are playing.

The children → Subject

are playing → Predicate


My mother cooks food.

My mother → Subject

cooks food → Predicate


ā§Ē. Subject āĻ–ুঁāϜে āĻŦেāϰ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϏāĻšāϜ āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি

Sentence āĻĻেāĻ–ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ•āϰো:

Who?

āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা

What?

āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ•āϰো।

Example:

Rina reads a book.

āĻ•ে āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻ›ে?

Rina

āϤাāχ Subject = Rina

Predicate = reads a book


ā§Ģ. āφāϰāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āϟি āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ

The boy plays cricket.

āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ:

Who plays cricket?

āωāϤ্āϤāϰ:

The boy

āϤাāχ:

Subject = The boy

Predicate = plays cricket


ā§Ŧ. Subject āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽāϝ় Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻĨাāĻ•ে?

āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ Sentence-āĻ Subject āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āχ āĻļুāϰুāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϏāĻŦ āϧāϰāύেāϰ Sentence-āĻ āĻāϟি āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে āĻāĻŽāύ āύāϝ়।

āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ:

Sayan reads books.

Subject = Sayan


āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻŦোāϧāĻ• āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে:

Are you a student?

āĻāĻ–াāύে Subject āĻšāϞো:

you

Verb/Auxiliary:

are

āϤাāχ Word Order āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤিāϤ āĻšāϞেāĻ“ Subject āĻļāύাāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰা āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦ।


ā§­. Simple Subject āĻ•ী?

Sentence-āĻāϰ Subject-āĻāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ Word-āĻ•ে Simple Subject āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।

Example:

The clever boy plays football.

āĻāĻ–াāύে āĻĒুāϰো Subject:

The clever boy

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ Word:

boy

āϤাāχ:

Complete Subject = The clever boy

Simple Subject = boy


ā§Ž. Complete Subject āĻ•ী?

Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āϤাāϰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϤ modifier āĻŦা description āύিāϝ়ে āϝে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ…ংāĻļāϟি āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ়, āϤাāĻ•ে Complete Subject āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।

Example:

The tall boy in the classroom is reading.

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

Complete Subject = The tall boy in the classroom

āĻŽূāϞ Subject:

boy


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

My best friend Sayan lives in Kolkata.

Complete Subject:

My best friend Sayan

Simple Subject:

Sayan


⧝. Simple Predicate āĻ•ী?

Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ Verb āĻŦা Verb phrase-āĻ•ে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে Simple Predicate āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।

Example:

The boy plays football.

Complete Predicate:

plays football

Simple Predicate:

plays


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

She is reading a book.

Simple Predicate:

is reading

Complete Predicate:

is reading a book


ā§§ā§Ļ. Complete Predicate āĻ•ী?

Subject āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻিāϞে Sentence-āĻāϰ āϝে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ…ংāĻļāϟি āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āϏেāϟিāχ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে Complete Predicate

Example:

The little boy is playing football in the field.

Complete Subject:

The little boy

Complete Predicate:

is playing football in the field


ā§§ā§§. Subject āĻ“ Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦāĻĄ় āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ

Sentence:

The intelligent students of our college are preparing for their examination.

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

Complete Subject:

The intelligent students of our college

Simple Subject:

students

Complete Predicate:

are preparing for their examination

Simple Predicate:

are preparing

āĻāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦāĻĄ় Sentence-āĻ•ে āĻ›োāϟ āĻ›োāϟ āĻ…ংāĻļে āĻ­েāĻ™ে Grammar āĻŦোāĻা āϝাāϝ়।


⧧⧍. Compound Subject āĻ•ী?

āϝāĻ–āύ āĻāĻ•āϟি Sentence-āĻ āĻĻুāχ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি Subject āĻāĻ•āχ Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰে, āϤāĻ–āύ āϤাāĻ•ে Compound Subject āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।

Example:

Rahul and Sayan are friends.

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

Rahul + Sayan

āĻĻুāϜāύ Subject।

āϤাāχ:

Rahul and Sayan = Compound Subject


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

Rina and Mina sing together.

Compound Subject:

Rina and Mina


ā§§ā§Š. Compound Predicate āĻ•ী?

āϝāĻ–āύ āĻāĻ•āχ Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻĻুāχ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি Verb/Predicate āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āϤাāĻ•ে Compound Predicate āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।

Example:

Sayan reads and writes every day.

Subject:

Sayan

Compound Predicate:

reads and writes every day


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

The boy ran and jumped.

Subject:

The boy

Compound Predicate:

ran and jumped


ā§§ā§Ē. Compound Subject + Compound Predicate

āĻāĻ•āϟি Sentence-āĻ āĻĻুāϟিāχ āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻĒাāϰে।

Example:

Rahul and Sayan read and write together.

Compound Subject:

Rahul and Sayan

Compound Predicate:

read and write together


ā§§ā§Ģ. Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে Noun

Noun Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।

Example:

Books are useful.

Subject:

Books


Dogs are loyal.

Subject:

Dogs


ā§§ā§Ŧ. Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে Pronoun

Pronoun-āĻ“ Subject āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।

Example:

He plays football.

Subject:

He


She sings well.

Subject:

She


They are happy.

Subject:

They


ā§§ā§­. Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে Gerund

Verb-āĻāϰ -ing form āĻ•āĻ–āύāĻ“ Noun-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϤো āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰে Subject āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।

Example:

Reading is a good habit.

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

Reading = Subject

āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻ–াāύে Reading āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ•াāϜেāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে।


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

Swimming is good exercise.

Subject:

Swimming


ā§§ā§Ž. Infinitive Subject

Infinitive-āĻ“ āĻ•āĻ–āύāĻ“ Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।

Example:

To learn English is useful.

Subject:

To learn English

āφāϰāĻ“ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াāĻŦিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে:

To learn English is useful.

āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা:

It is useful to learn English.


⧧⧝. Imperative Sentence-āĻ Subject

Imperative Sentence-āĻ Subject āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϏāϰাāϏāϰি āϞেāĻ–া āĻĨাāĻ•ে āύা।

Example:

Open the door.

āĻāĻ–াāύে āĻŦোāĻাāύো āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে:

You open the door.

āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž Subject āĻšāϞো you, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāϟি understood/implicit subject


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

Please sit down.

āĻāĻ–াāύেāĻ“ implied Subject:

you


⧍ā§Ļ. Question-āĻ Subject

Question-āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে Subject āĻļāύাāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϏāϤāϰ্āĻ• āĻšāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।

Example:

Are you happy?

Subject:

you


Does Rahul play football?

Subject:

Rahul


Did they finish the work?

Subject:

they


⧍⧧. WH-Question-āĻ Subject

āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে Who āĻŦা What āύিāϜেāχ Subject āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।

Example:

Who broke the window?

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

Who = Subject

āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āĻ•ে āϜাāύাāϞা āĻ­েāĻ™েāĻ›ে āϏেāϟিāχ āϜাāύāϤে āϚাāĻ“āϝ়া āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে।


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

Who called you?

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

Who = Subject


āĻ•িāύ্āϤু:

Whom did you call?

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

you = Subject

āĻāĻŦং whom Object।


⧍⧍. Subject āĻāĻŦং Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•

Subject āĻāĻŦং Verb-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ• āϰāϝ়েāĻ›ে।

āĻāϟি āφāĻŽāϰা āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে Subject–Verb Agreement-āĻ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻļিāĻ–āĻŦ।

āĻāĻ–āύ āĻļুāϧু basic āϧাāϰāĻŖাāϟি āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻ–ো।

Example:

He plays football.

āĻāĻ–াāύে He singular, āϤাāχ:

plays


āĻ•িāύ্āϤু:

They play football.

They plural, āϤাāχ:

play


ā§¨ā§Š. Subject–Predicate āϚেāύাāϰ Shortcut

āϝেāĻ•োāύো Sentence-āĻ•ে āĻĻুāϟি āĻ…ংāĻļে āĻ­াāĻ— āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϚেāώ্āϟা āĻ•āϰো।

Example:

My brother / reads books every evening.

āĻŦাāĻŽāĻĻিāĻ•ে:

Subject

āĻĄাāύāĻĻিāĻ•ে:

Predicate


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

The birds / are flying in the sky.

Subject:

The birds

Predicate:

are flying in the sky


⧍ā§Ē. Long Sentence āĻ­াāĻ™াāϰ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ

āĻĻীāϰ্āϘ Sentence āĻĻেāĻ–ে āĻ­āϝ় āĻĒেāϝ়ো āύা।

āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে Main Verb āĻ–ুঁāϜে āĻŦেāϰ āĻ•āϰো।

āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ āϜিāϜ্āĻžাāϏা āĻ•āϰো:

Who/What performs or is associated with this verb?

Example:

The young students of our village are studying English every morning.

Verb:

are studying

āĻ•ে studying āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে?

The young students of our village

āϤাāχ:

Complete Subject:

The young students of our village

Complete Predicate:

are studying English every morning


⧍ā§Ģ. Subject āĻ“ Predicate-āĻāϰ āφāϰāĻ“ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ

SentenceSubjectPredicate
I am happy.Iam happy
She reads books.Shereads books
The dog is barking.The dogis barking
My father works hard.My fatherworks hard
They play cricket.Theyplay cricket
The flowers are beautiful.The flowersare beautiful
Sayan teaches English.Sayanteaches English
We love our country.Welove our country

⧍ā§Ŧ. Subject āĻ“ Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦ

Subject āĻāĻŦং Predicate āĻ­াāϞোāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦুāĻāϞে āϤুāĻŽি āϏāĻšāϜে āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে—

  • Sentence āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ়

  • Verb āĻ•োāĻĨাāϝ় āφāĻ›ে

  • Subject āĻ•োāύāϟি

  • Object āĻ•োāύāϟি

  • Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻ•ী

  • Tense āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰে

  • Subject–Verb Agreement āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻšāϝ়

  • Question āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ়

  • Voice āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻ•োāύ āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤিāϤ āĻšāϝ়

āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž Subject–Predicate āĻšāϞো āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ­িāϤ্āϤি।


⧍⧭. Common Mistakes

āĻ­ুāϞ:

He play football.

āϏāĻ িāĻ•:

He plays football.


āĻ­ুāϞ:

She are happy.

āϏāĻ িāĻ•:

She is happy.


āĻ­ুāϞ:

They is students.

āϏāĻ িāĻ•:

They are students.


āĻ­ুāϞ:

Rahul and Sayan is friends.

āϏāĻ িāĻ•:

Rahul and Sayan are friends.


ā§¨ā§Ž. Subject āĻāĻŦং Object āĻ—ুāϞিāϝ়ে āĻĢেāϞো āύা

Example:

Rahul helps Sayan.

āĻ•ে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে?

Rahul = Subject

āĻ•াāĻ•ে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে?

Sayan = Object

āϤাāχ:

Rahul → Subject

helps → Verb

Sayan → Object


āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি:

The teacher teaches the students.

āĻ•ে āĻļেāĻ–াāϚ্āĻ›েāύ?

The teacher = Subject

āĻ•াāĻĻেāϰ āĻļেāĻ–াāϚ্āĻ›েāύ?

the students = Object


⧍⧝. Subject āĻ“ Predicate āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖেāϰ āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύ

Sentence:

The little girl is singing a beautiful song.

Step 1: āĻ•ে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে?

The little girl

Step 2: āĻ•ী āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে?

is singing a beautiful song

āϤাāχ:

Subject:

The little girl

Predicate:

is singing a beautiful song


ā§Šā§Ļ. āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ

āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻ–āĻŦে:

Subject āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻļুāϧু āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŽাāύুāώ āύāϝ়।

Subject āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে:

  • Person

  • Animal

  • Place

  • Thing

  • Idea

  • Pronoun

  • Gerund

  • Infinitive

  • Clause

Example:

Honesty is the best policy.

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

Honesty = Subject

āĻāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟি idea/quality।


📝 āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§§

āύিāϚেāϰ Sentence-āĻ—ুāϞোāϰ Subject āĻ“ Predicate āφāϞাāĻĻা āĻ•āϰো।

  1. Sayan writes a blog.

  2. The students are learning English.

  3. My mother cooks delicious food.

  4. The sun rises in the east.

  5. They play football every evening.

  6. The beautiful flowers are blooming.

  7. Honesty is a great virtue.

  8. Reading books improves knowledge.


📝 āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ⧍

āύিāϚেāϰ Sentence-āĻ—ুāϞোāϰ Simple Subject āĻāĻŦং Complete Subject āϚিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻ•āϰো।

  1. The intelligent boy won the prize.

  2. My best friend Sayan lives here.

  3. The students of our college are working hard.

  4. The old man is walking slowly.

  5. The beautiful red flowers are blooming.


📝 āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Š

āύিāϚেāϰ Sentence-āĻ—ুāϞোāϰ Simple Predicate āĻāĻŦং Complete Predicate āϚিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻ•āϰো।

  1. Rahul plays football every day.

  2. She is reading a book.

  3. The children are playing in the field.

  4. My father works in an office.

  5. The birds are flying in the sky.


📝 āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ē

Compound Subject āϚিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻ•āϰো।

  1. Rahul and Sayan are friends.

  2. Rina and Mina sing together.

  3. The teacher and the students are in the classroom.

  4. Tom and Jerry are famous characters.


📝 āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ģ

Compound Predicate āϚিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻ•āϰো।

  1. Sayan reads and writes every day.

  2. The boy ran and jumped.

  3. She sings and dances beautifully.

  4. He opened the door and entered the room.


📝 āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ŧ

āύিāϚেāϰ Sentence-āĻ Subject, Verb āĻāĻŦং Object āϚিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻ•āϰো।

  1. Rahul helps Sayan.

  2. The teacher teaches English.

  3. She reads books.

  4. They play cricket.

  5. I write articles.


📝 āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§­

āύিāϚেāϰ āĻ­ুāϞ Sentence-āĻ—ুāϞো āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āĻ•āϰো।

  1. He play football.

  2. She are happy.

  3. They is students.

  4. Rahul and Sayan is friends.

  5. The boys plays cricket.


📝 āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ž

āύিāϜে āĻĒাঁāϚāϟি Sentence āϞেāĻ–ো āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ•āϟিāϰ Subject āĻ“ Predicate āφāϞাāĻĻা āĻ•āϰো।

āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:

I read English books.

Subject:

I

Predicate:

read English books


✅ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ

āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§§

1. Sayan writes a blog.

Subject = Sayan

Predicate = writes a blog

2. The students are learning English.

Subject = The students

Predicate = are learning English

3. My mother cooks delicious food.

Subject = My mother

Predicate = cooks delicious food

4. The sun rises in the east.

Subject = The sun

Predicate = rises in the east

5. They play football every evening.

Subject = They

Predicate = play football every evening

6. The beautiful flowers are blooming.

Subject = The beautiful flowers

Predicate = are blooming

7. Honesty is a great virtue.

Subject = Honesty

Predicate = is a great virtue

8. Reading books improves knowledge.

Subject = Reading books

Predicate = improves knowledge


✅ āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ⧍

1. The intelligent boy won the prize.

Complete Subject = The intelligent boy

Simple Subject = boy

2. My best friend Sayan lives here.

Complete Subject = My best friend Sayan

Simple Subject = Sayan

3. The students of our college are working hard.

Complete Subject = The students of our college

Simple Subject = students

4. The old man is walking slowly.

Complete Subject = The old man

Simple Subject = man

5. The beautiful red flowers are blooming.

Complete Subject = The beautiful red flowers

Simple Subject = flowers


✅ āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Š

1. Rahul plays football every day.

Simple Predicate = plays

Complete Predicate = plays football every day

2. She is reading a book.

Simple Predicate = is reading

Complete Predicate = is reading a book

3. The children are playing in the field.

Simple Predicate = are playing

Complete Predicate = are playing in the field

4. My father works in an office.

Simple Predicate = works

Complete Predicate = works in an office

5. The birds are flying in the sky.

Simple Predicate = are flying

Complete Predicate = are flying in the sky


✅ āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ē

  1. Rahul and Sayan

  2. Rina and Mina

  3. The teacher and the students

  4. Tom and Jerry


✅ āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ģ

  1. reads and writes

  2. ran and jumped

  3. sings and dances

  4. opened the door and entered the room


✅ āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ŧ

1. Rahul helps Sayan.

Subject = Rahul

Verb = helps

Object = Sayan

2. The teacher teaches English.

Subject = The teacher

Verb = teaches

Object = English

3. She reads books.

Subject = She

Verb = reads

Object = books

4. They play cricket.

Subject = They

Verb = play

Object = cricket

5. I write articles.

Subject = I

Verb = write

Object = articles


✅ āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§­

  1. He plays football.

  2. She is happy.

  3. They are students.

  4. Rahul and Sayan are friends.

  5. The boys play cricket.


đŸŽ¯ āφāϜāĻ•েāϰ Homework

āφāϜ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āύিāϜেāϰ āϜীāĻŦāύ āύিāϝ়ে ā§§ā§Ļāϟি English Sentence āϞেāĻ–ো।

āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϟি Sentence-āĻāϰ:

1. Subject

2. Predicate

3. Verb

4. Object / Complement

āϚিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϚেāώ্āϟা āĻ•āϰো।

āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:

I learn English every day.

Subject:

I

Predicate:

learn English every day

Verb:

learn

Object:

English


⭐ āφāϜāĻ•েāϰ Golden Rules

Subject = āϝাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে / āϝে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে

Predicate = Subject āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āϝা āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে

Complete Subject = Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ…ংāĻļ

Simple Subject = Subject-āĻāϰ āĻŽূāϞ Word

Complete Predicate = Subject āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻিāϞে āĻŦাāĻ•ি āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ…ংāĻļ

Simple Predicate = Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻŽূāϞ Verb/Verb phrase

Compound Subject = āĻĻুāχ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি Subject

Compound Predicate = āĻāĻ•āχ Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻĻুāχ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি Predicate/Verb


📌 āφāϜāĻ•েāϰ āĻļেāĻ–া āĻŦিāώāϝ়

āφāϜ āφāĻŽāϰা āĻļিāĻ–āϞাāĻŽ—

✅ Subject

✅ Predicate

✅ Simple Subject

✅ Complete Subject

✅ Simple Predicate

✅ Complete Predicate

✅ Compound Subject

✅ Compound Predicate

✅ Noun as Subject

✅ Pronoun as Subject

✅ Gerund as Subject

✅ Infinitive as Subject

✅ Imperative Sentence-āĻāϰ understood Subject

✅ Question-āĻ Subject

✅ Subject–Verb āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•

✅ Subject āĻ“ Object-āĻāϰ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ

✅ Long Sentence āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ


📚 Chapter Summary

āφāϜāĻ•েāϰ āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āφāĻŽāϰা English Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻ­িāϤāϰেāϰ āϏāĻŦāϚেāϝ়ে āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĻুāχāϟি āĻ…ংāĻļ—Subject āĻāĻŦং Predicate—āĻŦিāĻļāĻĻāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻļিāĻ–āϞাāĻŽ।

āĻāĻ•āϟি Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻšāϞে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽেāχ āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϜাāύāϤে āĻšāĻŦে:

“Who or what is the sentence about?”

āĻāϟি āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ Subject āĻ–ুঁāϜে āĻĒেāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ•āϰে।

āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ āϜাāύāϤে āĻšāĻŦে:

“What is being said about the Subject?”

āĻāϟি āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ Predicate āĻ–ুঁāϜে āĻĒেāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ•āϰে।

āϝেāĻŽāύ:

The intelligent students are studying English.

āĻāĻ–াāύে:

Complete Subject:

The intelligent students

Simple Subject:

students

Complete Predicate:

are studying English

Simple Predicate:

are studying

āĻāχ āϧাāϰāĻŖাāϟি āĻ­াāϞোāĻ­াāĻŦে āφāϝ়āϤ্āϤ āĻ•āϰāϞে āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤে Tense, Subject–Verb Agreement, Voice, Narration āĻāĻŦং Sentence Transformation āĻļেāĻ–া āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϏāĻšāϜ āĻšāĻŦে।


đŸŒŋ āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ

“Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻšāϞে āĻļুāϧু Word āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻŦে āύা—Subject āĻ•ী āĻāĻŦং Predicate āĻ•ী, āϏেāϟিāĻ“ āĻ–ুঁāϜে āĻŦেāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŦে।”

āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āĻ•āϝ়েāĻ•āϟি Sentence āύিāϜে āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰো।

Read → Find Subject → Find Verb → Find Predicate → Understand Meaning → Write

āĻāχ āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ English Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻ­িāϤ্āϤি āφāϰāĻ“ āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻ•āϰāĻŦে।


🚀 āφāĻ—াāĻŽী āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ়

āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ā§§ā§Ž

TENSE

Present, Past & Future — āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻ…āύুāϝাāϝ়ী Verb-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ

āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āφāĻŽāϰা āĻāĻ•েāĻŦাāϰে āϏāĻšāϜāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻļুāϰু āĻ•āϰāĻŦ:

  • Tense āĻ•ী?

  • Time āĻ“ Tense-āĻāϰ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ

  • Present Tense

  • Past Tense

  • Future Tense

  • āϤিāύāϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ Tense

  • ⧧⧍āϟি Tense-āĻāϰ Roadmap

  • Present Indefinite

  • Past Indefinite

  • Future Indefinite

  • Affirmative Sentence

  • Negative Sentence

  • Interrogative Sentence

  • Verb-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ

  • do / does / did

  • am / is / are

  • was / were

  • āĻĻৈāύāύ্āĻĻিāύ āϜীāĻŦāύেāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ

  • Common Mistakes

  • Practice āĻ“ Answer Key


📖 ABCD āĻĨেāĻ•ে English Grammar āĻ“ Literature — ā§Šā§Ļ āĻ…āϧ্āϝাāϝ়েāϰ āϝাāϤ্āϰা

Chapter 01 → English āĻļেāĻ–াāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒাāĻ 
Chapter 02 → English Alphabet (A–Z)
Chapter 03 → Vowels & Consonants
Chapter 04 → Capital & Small Letters
Chapter 05 → English Word & Word Formation
Chapter 06 → Syllable
Chapter 07 → Parts of Speech
Chapter 08 → Noun
Chapter 09 → Pronoun
Chapter 10 → Verb
Chapter 11 → Adjective
Chapter 12 → Adverb
Chapter 13 → Preposition
Chapter 14 → Conjunction & Interjection
Chapter 15 → Articles & Determiners
Chapter 16 → Sentence & Sentence Structure
Chapter 17Subject & Predicate ✅
Chapter 18Tense ⏭️
Chapter 19 → Subject–Verb Agreement
Chapter 20 → Question, Negative & Imperative Sentences
Chapter 21 → Phrase & Clause
Chapter 22 → Voice
Chapter 23 → Direct & Indirect Speech
Chapter 24 → Auxiliary Verbs & Modals
Chapter 25 → Transformation of Sentences
Chapter 26 → Vocabulary, Idioms, Synonyms & Antonyms
Chapter 27 → Paragraph, Letter, Essay & Composition
Chapter 28 → Reading, Comprehension & Writing Skills
Chapter 29 → Introduction to English Literature
Chapter 30ABCD āĻĨেāĻ•ে English Grammar āĻ“ Literature — āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϝাāϤ্āϰা āĻ“ Graduate-Level Literature Roadmap


✍️ Sayan Das

English Hons. Graduate | Author & Teacher

ABCD āĻĨেāĻ•ে English Grammar āĻ“ Literature

Free & Open Educational eBook for Students

“āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āĻ…āϞ্āĻĒ āĻ…āϞ্āĻĒ āĻ•āϰে āĻļিāĻ–āĻŦ, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āύিāϝ়āĻŽিāϤ āĻļিāĻ–āĻŦ।”