đ āĻŦāĻ: ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature āĻ
āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ā§§ā§ SUBJECT & PREDICATE āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻāϰ্āϤা āĻ āĻŦিāϧেāϝ় — āĻāĻāĻি English Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻিāϤāϰেāϰ āĻাāĻ াāĻŽো
đ āĻŦāĻ: ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ā§§ā§ SUBJECT & PREDICATE āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻāϰ্āϤা āĻ āĻŦিāϧেāϝ় — āĻāĻāĻি English Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻিāϤāϰেāϰ āĻাāĻ াāĻŽো
đ āĻŦāĻ: ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature
āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ā§§ā§
SUBJECT & PREDICATE
āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻāϰ্āϤা āĻ āĻŦিāϧেāϝ় — āĻāĻāĻি English Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻিāϤāϰেāϰ āĻাāĻ াāĻŽো
āϞেāĻāĻ: Sayan Das
đą āĻূāĻŽিāĻা
āĻĒ্āϰিāϝ় āĻļিāĻ্āώাāϰ্āĻĨীāϰা,
āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ “ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature” āĻŦāĻāϝ়েāϰ ā§§ā§āϤāĻŽ āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻāϤāĻŽ।
āĻāϤ āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻļিāĻেāĻি Sentence & Sentence Structure। āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻেāύেāĻি āϝে āĻāĻāĻি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ English Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻাāĻ াāĻŽো āĻšāϞো—
Subject + Predicate
āĻāĻ āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻāĻ āĻĻুāĻāĻি āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ ংāĻļāĻে āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻীāϰāĻাāĻŦে āĻŦুāĻāĻŦ।
āĻāĻāĻি Sentence āĻĒāĻĄ়ে āϝāĻĻি āϤুāĻŽি āĻুāĻŦ āϏāĻšāĻে āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻĒাāϰো—
“āĻে āĻŦা āĻী āύিāϝ়ে āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে?”
āĻāĻŦং
“āϤাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻী āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে?”
āϤাāĻšāϞে āϤুāĻŽি Subject āĻāĻŦং Predicate āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে।
ā§§. Subject āĻী?
Subject āĻšāϞো Sentence-āĻāϰ āϏেāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি, āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖী, āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻŦা āĻŦিāώāϝ়, āϝাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻিāĻু āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ় āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা āϝে āĻাāĻāĻি āĻāϰে।
āϏāĻšāĻ āĻাāώাāϝ়:
Who or what the sentence is about = Subject
Example:
Rahul plays football.
āĻāĻাāύে āĻাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে?
Rahul
āϤাāĻ:
Rahul = Subject
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
The dog is barking.
āĻাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে?
The dog
āϤাāĻ:
The dog = Subject
⧍. Predicate āĻী?
Subject āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে Sentence-āĻ āϝা āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়, āϤাāĻে Predicate āĻŦāϞে।
Example:
Rahul plays football.
Subject:
Rahul
Predicate:
plays football
āĻ āϰ্āĻĨাā§—
Subject + Predicate
Rahul + plays football
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
The dog is barking.
Subject:
The dog
Predicate:
is barking
ā§Š. Subject āĻ Predicate-āĻāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ Formula
āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻো:
Sentence = Subject + Predicate
Example:
Sayan is a teacher.
Sayan → Subject
is a teacher → Predicate
The children are playing.
The children → Subject
are playing → Predicate
My mother cooks food.
My mother → Subject
cooks food → Predicate
ā§Ē. Subject āĻুঁāĻে āĻŦেāϰ āĻāϰাāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি
Sentence āĻĻেāĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻāϰো:
Who?
āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা
What?
āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻāϰো।
Example:
Rina reads a book.
āĻে āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻে?
Rina
āϤাāĻ Subject = Rina
Predicate = reads a book
ā§Ģ. āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ
The boy plays cricket.
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ:
Who plays cricket?
āĻāϤ্āϤāϰ:
The boy
āϤাāĻ:
Subject = The boy
Predicate = plays cricket
ā§Ŧ. Subject āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽāϝ় Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻĨাāĻে?
āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ Sentence-āĻ Subject āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āĻ āĻļুāϰুāϤে āĻĨাāĻে, āĻিāύ্āϤু āϏāĻŦ āϧāϰāύেāϰ Sentence-āĻ āĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে āĻāĻŽāύ āύāϝ়।
āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ:
Sayan reads books.
Subject = Sayan
āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻŦোāϧāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে:
Are you a student?
āĻāĻাāύে Subject āĻšāϞো:
you
Verb/Auxiliary:
are
āϤাāĻ Word Order āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤিāϤ āĻšāϞেāĻ Subject āĻļāύাāĻ্āϤ āĻāϰা āϏāĻŽ্āĻāĻŦ।
ā§. Simple Subject āĻী?
Sentence-āĻāϰ Subject-āĻāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ Word-āĻে Simple Subject āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।
Example:
The clever boy plays football.
āĻāĻাāύে āĻĒুāϰো Subject:
The clever boy
āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ Word:
boy
āϤাāĻ:
Complete Subject = The clever boy
Simple Subject = boy
ā§Ž. Complete Subject āĻী?
Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āϤাāϰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϤ modifier āĻŦা description āύিāϝ়ে āϝে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ ংāĻļāĻি āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ়, āϤাāĻে Complete Subject āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।
Example:
The tall boy in the classroom is reading.
āĻāĻাāύে:
Complete Subject = The tall boy in the classroom
āĻŽূāϞ Subject:
boy
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
My best friend Sayan lives in Kolkata.
Complete Subject:
My best friend Sayan
Simple Subject:
Sayan
⧝. Simple Predicate āĻী?
Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ Verb āĻŦা Verb phrase-āĻে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāĻাāĻŦে Simple Predicate āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।
Example:
The boy plays football.
Complete Predicate:
plays football
Simple Predicate:
plays
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
She is reading a book.
Simple Predicate:
is reading
Complete Predicate:
is reading a book
ā§§ā§Ļ. Complete Predicate āĻী?
Subject āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻিāϞে Sentence-āĻāϰ āϝে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ ংāĻļāĻি āĻĨাāĻে, āϏেāĻিāĻ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāĻাāĻŦে Complete Predicate।
Example:
The little boy is playing football in the field.
Complete Subject:
The little boy
Complete Predicate:
is playing football in the field
ā§§ā§§. Subject āĻ Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦāĻĄ় āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ
Sentence:
The intelligent students of our college are preparing for their examination.
āĻāĻাāύে:
Complete Subject:
The intelligent students of our college
Simple Subject:
students
Complete Predicate:
are preparing for their examination
Simple Predicate:
are preparing
āĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦāĻĄ় Sentence-āĻে āĻোāĻ āĻোāĻ āĻ ংāĻļে āĻেāĻে Grammar āĻŦোāĻা āϝাāϝ়।
⧧⧍. Compound Subject āĻী?
āϝāĻāύ āĻāĻāĻি Sentence-āĻ āĻĻুāĻ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি Subject āĻāĻāĻ Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে, āϤāĻāύ āϤাāĻে Compound Subject āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।
Example:
Rahul and Sayan are friends.
āĻāĻাāύে:
Rahul + Sayan
āĻĻুāĻāύ Subject।
āϤাāĻ:
Rahul and Sayan = Compound Subject
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
Rina and Mina sing together.
Compound Subject:
Rina and Mina
ā§§ā§Š. Compound Predicate āĻী?
āϝāĻāύ āĻāĻāĻ Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āĻĻুāĻ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি Verb/Predicate āĻ ংāĻļ āĻĨাāĻে, āϤাāĻে Compound Predicate āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।
Example:
Sayan reads and writes every day.
Subject:
Sayan
Compound Predicate:
reads and writes every day
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
The boy ran and jumped.
Subject:
The boy
Compound Predicate:
ran and jumped
ā§§ā§Ē. Compound Subject + Compound Predicate
āĻāĻāĻি Sentence-āĻ āĻĻুāĻিāĻ āĻĨাāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Example:
Rahul and Sayan read and write together.
Compound Subject:
Rahul and Sayan
Compound Predicate:
read and write together
ā§§ā§Ģ. Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে Noun
Noun Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Example:
Books are useful.
Subject:
Books
Dogs are loyal.
Subject:
Dogs
ā§§ā§Ŧ. Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে Pronoun
Pronoun-āĻ Subject āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Example:
He plays football.
Subject:
He
She sings well.
Subject:
She
They are happy.
Subject:
They
ā§§ā§. Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে Gerund
Verb-āĻāϰ -ing form āĻāĻāύāĻ Noun-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϤো āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে Subject āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Example:
Reading is a good habit.
āĻāĻাāύে:
Reading = Subject
āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻাāύে Reading āĻāĻāĻি āĻাāĻেāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻে।
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
Swimming is good exercise.
Subject:
Swimming
ā§§ā§Ž. Infinitive Subject
Infinitive-āĻ āĻāĻāύāĻ Subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Example:
To learn English is useful.
Subject:
To learn English
āĻāϰāĻ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻাāĻŦিāĻāĻাāĻŦে:
To learn English is useful.
āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা:
It is useful to learn English.
⧧⧝. Imperative Sentence-āĻ Subject
Imperative Sentence-āĻ Subject āĻ āύেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϏāϰাāϏāϰি āϞেāĻা āĻĨাāĻে āύা।
Example:
Open the door.
āĻāĻাāύে āĻŦোāĻাāύো āĻšāĻ্āĻে:
You open the door.
āĻ āϰ্āĻĨাā§ Subject āĻšāϞো you, āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻāĻি understood/implicit subject।
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
Please sit down.
āĻāĻাāύেāĻ implied Subject:
you
⧍ā§Ļ. Question-āĻ Subject
Question-āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে Subject āĻļāύাāĻ্āϤ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āϏāϤāϰ্āĻ āĻšāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।
Example:
Are you happy?
Subject:
you
Does Rahul play football?
Subject:
Rahul
Did they finish the work?
Subject:
they
⧍⧧. WH-Question-āĻ Subject
āĻিāĻু āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে Who āĻŦা What āύিāĻেāĻ Subject āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Example:
Who broke the window?
āĻāĻাāύে:
Who = Subject
āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻে āĻাāύাāϞা āĻেāĻেāĻে āϏেāĻিāĻ āĻাāύāϤে āĻাāĻāϝ়া āĻšāĻ্āĻে।
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
Who called you?
āĻāĻাāύে:
Who = Subject
āĻিāύ্āϤু:
Whom did you call?
āĻāĻাāύে:
you = Subject
āĻāĻŦং whom Object।
⧍⧍. Subject āĻāĻŦং Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ
Subject āĻāĻŦং Verb-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ āϰāϝ়েāĻে।
āĻāĻি āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে Subject–Verb Agreement-āĻ āĻāϰāĻ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤāĻাāĻŦে āĻļিāĻāĻŦ।
āĻāĻāύ āĻļুāϧু basic āϧাāϰāĻŖাāĻি āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻো।
Example:
He plays football.
āĻāĻাāύে He singular, āϤাāĻ:
plays
āĻিāύ্āϤু:
They play football.
They plural, āϤাāĻ:
play
ā§¨ā§Š. Subject–Predicate āĻেāύাāϰ Shortcut
āϝেāĻোāύো Sentence-āĻে āĻĻুāĻি āĻ ংāĻļে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻেāώ্āĻা āĻāϰো।
Example:
My brother / reads books every evening.
āĻŦাāĻŽāĻĻিāĻে:
Subject
āĻĄাāύāĻĻিāĻে:
Predicate
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
The birds / are flying in the sky.
Subject:
The birds
Predicate:
are flying in the sky
⧍ā§Ē. Long Sentence āĻাāĻাāϰ āĻৌāĻļāϞ
āĻĻীāϰ্āĻ Sentence āĻĻেāĻে āĻāϝ় āĻĒেāϝ়ো āύা।
āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে Main Verb āĻুঁāĻে āĻŦেāϰ āĻāϰো।
āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻিāĻ্āĻাāϏা āĻāϰো:
Who/What performs or is associated with this verb?
Example:
The young students of our village are studying English every morning.
Verb:
are studying
āĻে studying āĻāϰāĻে?
The young students of our village
āϤাāĻ:
Complete Subject:
The young students of our village
Complete Predicate:
are studying English every morning
⧍ā§Ģ. Subject āĻ Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ
| Sentence | Subject | Predicate |
|---|---|---|
| I am happy. | I | am happy |
| She reads books. | She | reads books |
| The dog is barking. | The dog | is barking |
| My father works hard. | My father | works hard |
| They play cricket. | They | play cricket |
| The flowers are beautiful. | The flowers | are beautiful |
| Sayan teaches English. | Sayan | teaches English |
| We love our country. | We | love our country |
⧍ā§Ŧ. Subject āĻ Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦ
Subject āĻāĻŦং Predicate āĻাāϞোāĻাāĻŦে āĻŦুāĻāϞে āϤুāĻŽি āϏāĻšāĻে āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে—
Sentence āĻীāĻাāĻŦে āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ়
Verb āĻোāĻĨাāϝ় āĻāĻে
Subject āĻোāύāĻি
Object āĻোāύāĻি
Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻী
Tense āĻীāĻাāĻŦে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে
Subject–Verb Agreement āĻীāĻাāĻŦে āĻšāϝ়
Question āĻীāĻাāĻŦে āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ়
Voice āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻোāύ āĻ ংāĻļ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤিāϤ āĻšāϝ়
āĻ āϰ্āĻĨাā§ Subject–Predicate āĻšāϞো āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻিāϤ্āϤি।
⧍ā§. Common Mistakes
āĻুāϞ:
❌ He play football.
āϏāĻ িāĻ:
✅ He plays football.
āĻুāϞ:
❌ She are happy.
āϏāĻ িāĻ:
✅ She is happy.
āĻুāϞ:
❌ They is students.
āϏāĻ িāĻ:
✅ They are students.
āĻুāϞ:
❌ Rahul and Sayan is friends.
āϏāĻ িāĻ:
✅ Rahul and Sayan are friends.
ā§¨ā§Ž. Subject āĻāĻŦং Object āĻুāϞিāϝ়ে āĻĢেāϞো āύা
Example:
Rahul helps Sayan.
āĻে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰāĻে?
Rahul = Subject
āĻাāĻে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰāĻে?
Sayan = Object
āϤাāĻ:
Rahul → Subject
helps → Verb
Sayan → Object
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
The teacher teaches the students.
āĻে āĻļেāĻাāĻ্āĻেāύ?
The teacher = Subject
āĻাāĻĻেāϰ āĻļেāĻাāĻ্āĻেāύ?
the students = Object
⧍⧝. Subject āĻ Predicate āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖেāϰ āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύ
Sentence:
The little girl is singing a beautiful song.
Step 1: āĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰāĻে?
The little girl
Step 2: āĻী āĻāϰāĻে?
is singing a beautiful song
āϤাāĻ:
Subject:
The little girl
Predicate:
is singing a beautiful song
ā§Šā§Ļ. āĻāĻāĻি āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ্āϝ
āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻāĻŦে:
Subject āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻļুāϧু āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻŽাāύুāώ āύāϝ়।
Subject āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে:
Person
Animal
Place
Thing
Idea
Pronoun
Gerund
Infinitive
Clause
Example:
Honesty is the best policy.
āĻāĻাāύে:
Honesty = Subject
āĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻি idea/quality।
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§§
āύিāĻেāϰ Sentence-āĻুāϞোāϰ Subject āĻ Predicate āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϰো।
Sayan writes a blog.
The students are learning English.
My mother cooks delicious food.
The sun rises in the east.
They play football every evening.
The beautiful flowers are blooming.
Honesty is a great virtue.
Reading books improves knowledge.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ⧍
āύিāĻেāϰ Sentence-āĻুāϞোāϰ Simple Subject āĻāĻŦং Complete Subject āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰো।
The intelligent boy won the prize.
My best friend Sayan lives here.
The students of our college are working hard.
The old man is walking slowly.
The beautiful red flowers are blooming.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Š
āύিāĻেāϰ Sentence-āĻুāϞোāϰ Simple Predicate āĻāĻŦং Complete Predicate āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰো।
Rahul plays football every day.
She is reading a book.
The children are playing in the field.
My father works in an office.
The birds are flying in the sky.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ē
Compound Subject āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰো।
Rahul and Sayan are friends.
Rina and Mina sing together.
The teacher and the students are in the classroom.
Tom and Jerry are famous characters.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ģ
Compound Predicate āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰো।
Sayan reads and writes every day.
The boy ran and jumped.
She sings and dances beautifully.
He opened the door and entered the room.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ŧ
āύিāĻেāϰ Sentence-āĻ Subject, Verb āĻāĻŦং Object āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰো।
Rahul helps Sayan.
The teacher teaches English.
She reads books.
They play cricket.
I write articles.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§
āύিāĻেāϰ āĻুāϞ Sentence-āĻুāϞো āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āĻāϰো।
He play football.
She are happy.
They is students.
Rahul and Sayan is friends.
The boys plays cricket.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ž
āύিāĻে āĻĒাঁāĻāĻি Sentence āϞেāĻো āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻāĻিāϰ Subject āĻ Predicate āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϰো।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:
I read English books.
Subject:
I
Predicate:
read English books
✅ āĻāϤ্āϤāϰ
āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§§
1. Sayan writes a blog.
Subject = Sayan
Predicate = writes a blog
2. The students are learning English.
Subject = The students
Predicate = are learning English
3. My mother cooks delicious food.
Subject = My mother
Predicate = cooks delicious food
4. The sun rises in the east.
Subject = The sun
Predicate = rises in the east
5. They play football every evening.
Subject = They
Predicate = play football every evening
6. The beautiful flowers are blooming.
Subject = The beautiful flowers
Predicate = are blooming
7. Honesty is a great virtue.
Subject = Honesty
Predicate = is a great virtue
8. Reading books improves knowledge.
Subject = Reading books
Predicate = improves knowledge
✅ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ⧍
1. The intelligent boy won the prize.
Complete Subject = The intelligent boy
Simple Subject = boy
2. My best friend Sayan lives here.
Complete Subject = My best friend Sayan
Simple Subject = Sayan
3. The students of our college are working hard.
Complete Subject = The students of our college
Simple Subject = students
4. The old man is walking slowly.
Complete Subject = The old man
Simple Subject = man
5. The beautiful red flowers are blooming.
Complete Subject = The beautiful red flowers
Simple Subject = flowers
✅ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Š
1. Rahul plays football every day.
Simple Predicate = plays
Complete Predicate = plays football every day
2. She is reading a book.
Simple Predicate = is reading
Complete Predicate = is reading a book
3. The children are playing in the field.
Simple Predicate = are playing
Complete Predicate = are playing in the field
4. My father works in an office.
Simple Predicate = works
Complete Predicate = works in an office
5. The birds are flying in the sky.
Simple Predicate = are flying
Complete Predicate = are flying in the sky
✅ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ē
Rahul and Sayan
Rina and Mina
The teacher and the students
Tom and Jerry
✅ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ģ
reads and writes
ran and jumped
sings and dances
opened the door and entered the room
✅ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ŧ
1. Rahul helps Sayan.
Subject = Rahul
Verb = helps
Object = Sayan
2. The teacher teaches English.
Subject = The teacher
Verb = teaches
Object = English
3. She reads books.
Subject = She
Verb = reads
Object = books
4. They play cricket.
Subject = They
Verb = play
Object = cricket
5. I write articles.
Subject = I
Verb = write
Object = articles
✅ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§
He plays football.
She is happy.
They are students.
Rahul and Sayan are friends.
The boys play cricket.
đ¯ āĻāĻāĻেāϰ Homework
āĻāĻ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āύিāĻেāϰ āĻীāĻŦāύ āύিāϝ়ে ā§§ā§ĻāĻি English Sentence āϞেāĻো।
āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻি Sentence-āĻāϰ:
1. Subject
2. Predicate
3. Verb
4. Object / Complement
āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻেāώ্āĻা āĻāϰো।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:
I learn English every day.
Subject:
I
Predicate:
learn English every day
Verb:
learn
Object:
English
⭐ āĻāĻāĻেāϰ Golden Rules
Subject = āϝাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে / āϝে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰāĻে
Predicate = Subject āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āϝা āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে
Complete Subject = Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ ংāĻļ
Simple Subject = Subject-āĻāϰ āĻŽূāϞ Word
Complete Predicate = Subject āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻিāϞে āĻŦাāĻি āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ ংāĻļ
Simple Predicate = Predicate-āĻāϰ āĻŽূāϞ Verb/Verb phrase
Compound Subject = āĻĻুāĻ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি Subject
Compound Predicate = āĻāĻāĻ Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āĻĻুāĻ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি Predicate/Verb
đ āĻāĻāĻেāϰ āĻļেāĻা āĻŦিāώāϝ়
āĻāĻ āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻļিāĻāϞাāĻŽ—
✅ Subject
✅ Predicate
✅ Simple Subject
✅ Complete Subject
✅ Simple Predicate
✅ Complete Predicate
✅ Compound Subject
✅ Compound Predicate
✅ Noun as Subject
✅ Pronoun as Subject
✅ Gerund as Subject
✅ Infinitive as Subject
✅ Imperative Sentence-āĻāϰ understood Subject
✅ Question-āĻ Subject
✅ Subject–Verb āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ
✅ Subject āĻ Object-āĻāϰ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ্āϝ
✅ Long Sentence āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ
đ Chapter Summary
āĻāĻāĻেāϰ āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āĻāĻŽāϰা English Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻিāϤāϰেāϰ āϏāĻŦāĻেāϝ়ে āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĻুāĻāĻি āĻ ংāĻļ—Subject āĻāĻŦং Predicate—āĻŦিāĻļāĻĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻļিāĻāϞাāĻŽ।
āĻāĻāĻি Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻšāϞে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽেāĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻাāύāϤে āĻšāĻŦে:
“Who or what is the sentence about?”
āĻāĻি āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ Subject āĻুঁāĻে āĻĒেāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰে।
āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻাāύāϤে āĻšāĻŦে:
“What is being said about the Subject?”
āĻāĻি āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ Predicate āĻুঁāĻে āĻĒেāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰে।
āϝেāĻŽāύ:
The intelligent students are studying English.
āĻāĻাāύে:
Complete Subject:
The intelligent students
Simple Subject:
students
Complete Predicate:
are studying English
Simple Predicate:
are studying
āĻāĻ āϧাāϰāĻŖাāĻি āĻাāϞোāĻাāĻŦে āĻāϝ়āϤ্āϤ āĻāϰāϞে āĻāĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤে Tense, Subject–Verb Agreement, Voice, Narration āĻāĻŦং Sentence Transformation āĻļেāĻা āĻ āύেāĻ āϏāĻšāĻ āĻšāĻŦে।
đŋ āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻুāύ
“Sentence-āĻāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻšāϞে āĻļুāϧু Word āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻŦে āύা—Subject āĻী āĻāĻŦং Predicate āĻী, āϏেāĻিāĻ āĻুঁāĻে āĻŦেāϰ āĻāϰāĻŦে।”
āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āĻāϝ়েāĻāĻি Sentence āύিāĻে āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻāϰো।
Read → Find Subject → Find Verb → Find Predicate → Understand Meaning → Write
āĻāĻ āĻ āĻ্āϝাāϏ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ English Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻিāϤ্āϤি āĻāϰāĻ āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻāϰāĻŦে।
đ āĻāĻাāĻŽী āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়
āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ā§§ā§Ž
TENSE
Present, Past & Future — āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻ āύুāϝাāϝ়ী Verb-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ
āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻāĻেāĻŦাāϰে āϏāĻšāĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻļুāϰু āĻāϰāĻŦ:
Tense āĻী?
Time āĻ Tense-āĻāϰ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ্āϝ
Present Tense
Past Tense
Future Tense
āϤিāύāĻি āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ Tense
⧧⧍āĻি Tense-āĻāϰ Roadmap
Present Indefinite
Past Indefinite
Future Indefinite
Affirmative Sentence
Negative Sentence
Interrogative Sentence
Verb-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ
do / does / did
am / is / are
was / were
āĻĻৈāύāύ্āĻĻিāύ āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ
Common Mistakes
Practice āĻ Answer Key
đ ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature — ā§Šā§Ļ āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়েāϰ āϝাāϤ্āϰা
Chapter 01 → English āĻļেāĻাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒাāĻ
Chapter 02 → English Alphabet (A–Z)
Chapter 03 → Vowels & Consonants
Chapter 04 → Capital & Small Letters
Chapter 05 → English Word & Word Formation
Chapter 06 → Syllable
Chapter 07 → Parts of Speech
Chapter 08 → Noun
Chapter 09 → Pronoun
Chapter 10 → Verb
Chapter 11 → Adjective
Chapter 12 → Adverb
Chapter 13 → Preposition
Chapter 14 → Conjunction & Interjection
Chapter 15 → Articles & Determiners
Chapter 16 → Sentence & Sentence Structure
Chapter 17 → Subject & Predicate ✅
Chapter 18 → Tense ⏭️
Chapter 19 → Subject–Verb Agreement
Chapter 20 → Question, Negative & Imperative Sentences
Chapter 21 → Phrase & Clause
Chapter 22 → Voice
Chapter 23 → Direct & Indirect Speech
Chapter 24 → Auxiliary Verbs & Modals
Chapter 25 → Transformation of Sentences
Chapter 26 → Vocabulary, Idioms, Synonyms & Antonyms
Chapter 27 → Paragraph, Letter, Essay & Composition
Chapter 28 → Reading, Comprehension & Writing Skills
Chapter 29 → Introduction to English Literature
Chapter 30 → ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature — āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϝাāϤ্āϰা āĻ Graduate-Level Literature Roadmap
✍️ Sayan Das
English Hons. Graduate | Author & Teacher
ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature
Free & Open Educational eBook for Students
“āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āĻ āϞ্āĻĒ āĻ āϞ্āĻĒ āĻāϰে āĻļিāĻāĻŦ, āĻিāύ্āϤু āύিāϝ়āĻŽিāϤ āĻļিāĻāĻŦ।”