đ āĻŦāĻ: ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature āĻ
āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ⧧⧝ SUBJECT–VERB AGREEMENT Subject āĻ
āύুāϝাāϝ়ী Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ
đ āĻŦāĻ: ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ⧧⧝ SUBJECT–VERB AGREEMENT Subject āĻ āύুāϝাāϝ়ী Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ
đ āĻŦāĻ: ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature
āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ⧧⧝
SUBJECT–VERB AGREEMENT
Subject āĻ āύুāϝাāϝ়ী Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ
āϞেāĻāĻ: Sayan Das
đą āĻূāĻŽিāĻা
āĻĒ্āϰিāϝ় āĻļিāĻ্āώাāϰ্āĻĨীāϰা,
āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ “ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature” āĻŦāĻāϝ়েāϰ ⧧⧝āϤāĻŽ āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻāϤāĻŽ।
āĻāϤ āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āĻāĻŽāϰা Tense āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤ āĻļিāĻেāĻি। āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻেāύেāĻি āϝে āĻāĻāĻি Sentence-āĻ āĻাāĻāĻি āĻāĻāύ āĻāĻāĻে, āϤাāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ Verb-āĻāϰ form āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤিāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āĻāĻŦাāϰ āĻāĻŽāϰা English Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦিāώāϝ় āĻļিāĻāĻŦ—
Subject–Verb Agreement
āϏāĻšāĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻŦāϞāϞে, āĻāĻāĻি Sentence-āĻāϰ Subject āĻāĻŦং Verb-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏংāĻ্āϝা āĻ person āĻ āύুāϝাāϝ়ী āϏāĻ িāĻ āĻŽিāϞ āĻĨাāĻা āĻĻāϰāĻাāϰ।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:
❌ He play football.
✅ He plays football.
āĻāĻাāύে He āĻšāϞো singular subject, āϤাāĻ Present Simple-āĻ play āύāϝ়, plays āĻšāĻŦে।
ā§§. Subject–Verb Agreement āĻী?
Subject–Verb Agreement āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻŦোāĻাāϝ়—
Sentence-āĻāϰ Subject āĻ āύুāϝাāϝ়ী Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ form āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা।
āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ় āϏāĻšāĻāĻাāĻŦে:
Subject āϝেāĻŽāύ āĻšāĻŦে, āϤাāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āϏাāĻŽāĻ্āĻāϏ্āϝ āϰেāĻে Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ āϰূāĻĒ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।
Example:
I play football.
He plays football.
āĻĻুāĻি Sentence-āĻāĻ āĻাāĻ āĻāĻāĻ—football āĻেāϞা।
āĻিāύ্āϤু Subject āĻāϞাāĻĻা:
I → play
He → plays
āĻāĻাāĻ Subject–Verb Agreement-āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি basic example।
⧍. Subject āĻী?
Subject āĻšāϞো Sentence-āĻāϰ āϏেāĻ āĻ ংāĻļ, āϝে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি, āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖী, āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻŦা āĻŦিāώāϝ় āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে Sentence-āĻ āĻিāĻু āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা āϝে āĻাāĻāĻি āĻāϰāĻে।
Example:
Sayan reads a book.
āĻāĻাāύে:
Sayan = Subject
reads = Verb
a book = Object
āĻāϰেāĻāĻি:
The boy plays football.
The boy → Subject
plays → Verb
football → Object
ā§Š. Verb āĻী?
Verb āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻোāύো āĻাāĻ, āĻāĻāύা āĻŦা āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰে।
āϝেāĻŽāύ:
go
come
eat
read
write
play
work
sleep
be
have
Example:
She reads.
āĻāĻাāύে reads āĻšāϞো Verb।
ā§Ē. āϏāĻŦāĻেāϝ়ে āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ Basic Rule
Present Simple Tense-āĻ:
I / You / We / They + V1
I play.
You play.
We play.
They play.
āĻিāύ্āϤু:
He / She / It + V1 + s/es
He plays.
She plays.
It works.
ā§Ģ. āĻāĻāĻি āϏāĻšāĻ Table
| Subject | Verb: Play |
|---|---|
| I | play |
| You | play |
| We | play |
| They | play |
| He | plays |
| She | plays |
| It | plays |
āĻāĻি āĻুāĻŦ āĻাāϞোāĻাāĻŦে āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻো।
ā§Ŧ. Singular Subject
Singular āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻāĻŦāĻāύ—āĻ āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻŦা āĻāĻāĻি।
āϝেāĻŽāύ:
He
She
It
Rahim
Sayan
The boy
The dog
Present Simple-āĻ third-person singular subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ Verb-āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে -s / -es āĻšāϝ়।
Examples:
Rahim plays football.
Sayan reads books.
The boy runs fast.
The dog barks.
ā§. Plural Subject
Plural āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦāĻšুāĻŦāĻāύ—āĻ āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āĻāĻেāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি।
āϝেāĻŽāύ:
We
They
The boys
The students
My friends
Examples:
The boys play football.
The students read books.
My friends work hard.
ā§Ž. Noun-āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে āύিāϝ়āĻŽ
āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻŦা āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻে āĻŦোāĻাāϞে:
The boy plays.
āĻāĻাāϧিāĻ āĻšāϞে:
The boys play.
āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻāĻি:
The student reads.
The students read.
⧝. He, She, It-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে Verb
Present Simple affirmative sentence-āĻ:
He works.
She sings.
It runs.
āĻিāύ্āϤু:
They work.
We sing.
The dogs run.
ā§§ā§Ļ. Do āĻāĻŦং Does
Present Simple-āĻāϰ Negative āĻ Question Sentence-āĻ do/does āĻুāĻŦ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ।
I / You / We / They → DO
I do not play.
They do not work.
He / She / It → DOES
He does not play.
She does not work.
⚠️ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āύিāϝ়āĻŽ
Does āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰেāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŽূāϞ Verb-āĻ āĻāϰ s/es āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে āύা।
❌ He does not plays football.
✅ He does not play football.
❌ Does she likes tea?
✅ Does she like tea?
āĻাāϰāĻŖ does āύিāĻেāĻ third-person singular-āĻāϰ grammatical marking āĻŦāĻšāύ āĻāϰāĻে।
ā§§ā§§. Is, Am, Are
Verb be-āĻāϰ Present forms āĻšāϞো:
am / is / are
I → am
I am happy.
He / She / It → is
He is happy.
She is happy.
It is useful.
You / We / They → are
You are happy.
We are happy.
They are happy.
⧧⧍. Was āĻāĻŦং Were
Past Tense-āĻ be-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ forms:
I / He / She / It → was
I was tired.
He was busy.
She was happy.
You / We / They → were
You were late.
We were ready.
They were happy.
ā§§ā§Š. Has āĻāĻŦং Have
Present Perfect āĻ possession-āĻāϰ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ structure-āĻ has/have āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
He / She / It → has
He has a book.
She has finished her work.
I / You / We / They → have
I have a book.
They have finished their work.
ā§§ā§Ē. Do / Does / Did
āĻāĻুāϞো āĻুāĻŦ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ auxiliary verbs।
Present:
I/You/We/They → do
He/She/It → does
Past:
āϏāĻŦ Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে → did
Examples:
I do my work.
She does her work.
They did their work yesterday.
ā§§ā§Ģ. Did-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে V1
Past Simple-āĻ did āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰেāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŽূāϞ Verb āĻāĻŦাāϰ V1 form-āĻ āĻĢিāϰে āϝাāϝ়।
❌ Did you went there?
✅ Did you go there?
❌ She did not came.
✅ She did not come.
āĻāĻি English Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āύিāϝ়āĻŽ।
ā§§ā§Ŧ. Two Subjects Joined by “And”
āĻĻুāĻি singular subject and āĻĻিāϝ়ে āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻšāϞে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ plural subject-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϤো āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰে।
Example:
Rahim and Karim are friends.
Sayan and Rahul play football.
The teacher and the student are talking.
āĻāĻাāύে āĻĻুāĻি āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻāĻে, āϤাāĻ plural agreement āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻে।
ā§§ā§. āĻāĻāĻি āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦ্āϝāϤিāĻ্āϰāĻŽ
āĻāĻāύāĻ āĻāĻāύāĻ and āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻĻুāĻি āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻšāϞেāĻ āϤাāϰা āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻ āϧাāϰāĻŖা āĻŦা āĻāĻāĻি unit āĻŦোāĻাāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:
Bread and butter is my usual breakfast.
āĻāĻাāύে āĻĒুāϰো phrase-āĻি āĻāĻāĻি meal āĻŦা āĻāĻāĻ combination āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻে।
āϤāĻŦে āĻļিāĻ্āώাāϰ্āĻĨীāĻĻেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ basic level-āĻ āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻো:
A + and + B → āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ plural Verb
ā§§ā§Ž. Or / Nor-āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে
āĻĻুāĻি Subject or / nor āĻĻিāϝ়ে āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻšāϞে Verb āĻ āύেāĻ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻাāĻেāϰ Subject-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে agreement āĻāϰে।
Example:
Either Rahul or his friends are coming.
āĻāĻাāύে āĻাāĻেāϰ Subject friends, āϤাāĻ are।
āĻāϰ:
Either the students or Rahul is responsible.
āĻāĻাāύে āĻাāĻেāϰ Subject Rahul, āϤাāĻ is।
⧧⧝. Either...or
Structure:
Either A or B + Verb
Examples:
Either Rina or Sima is coming.
Either the teacher or the students are responsible.
Verb āύিāϰ্āĻŦাāĻāύ āĻāϰাāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻাāĻেāϰ Subject-āĻিāϰ āĻĻিāĻে āĻেāϝ়াāϞ āϰাāĻো।
⧍ā§Ļ. Neither...nor
Structure:
Neither A nor B + Verb
Examples:
Neither Rahul nor his friends are ready.
Neither the students nor the teacher is present.
⧍⧧. Each āĻāĻŦং Every
Each āĻāĻŦং Every āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ singular idea āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰে।
āϤাāĻ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ singular Verb āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
Examples:
Each student has a book.
Every boy likes games.
Every student is important.
❌ Every student are important.
✅ Every student is important.
⧍⧍. Everyone, Everybody, Someone, Somebody
āĻāĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻুāϞোāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻ āύেāĻ āĻŽাāύুāώāĻে āĻŦোāĻাāϞেāĻ Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻĻিāĻ āĻĨেāĻে āĻāĻুāϞো āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ singular āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
Examples:
Everyone is ready.
Everybody likes music.
Someone is calling you.
Nobody knows the answer.
ā§¨ā§Š. āĻেāĻ āĻেāĻ āĻāĻাāύে āĻুāϞ āĻāϰে
❌ Everyone are happy.
āϏāĻ িāĻ:
✅ Everyone is happy.
āĻাāϰāĻŖ everyone grammatical sense-āĻ singular।
⧍ā§Ē. Collective Noun
āĻāĻāĻি group āĻŦা collection āĻŦোāĻাāύো Noun-āĻে Collective Noun āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।
āϝেāĻŽāύ:
team
family
committee
class
audience
government
Standard English-āĻ collective noun āĻāĻāύ singular verb āύেāĻŦে āĻāϰ āĻāĻāύ plural idea āύেāĻŦে, āϤা context āĻ variety of English-āĻāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻāϰ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Basic writing-āĻ group-āĻিāĻে āĻāĻāĻি unit āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āϧāϰāϞে singular verb āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āĻুāĻŦ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ:
The team is ready.
The family is happy.
The committee has decided.
⧍ā§Ģ. āĻিāύ্āϤু Members-āĻāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻোāϰ āĻĻিāϞে
āϝāĻāύ group-āĻāϰ individual members-āĻāϰ āĻাāĻ āĻŦা āĻāĻāϰāĻŖেāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻোāϰ āĻĻেāĻāϝ়া āĻšāϝ়, āϤāĻāύ āĻিāĻু variety of English-āĻ plural agreement āĻĻেāĻা āϝাāϝ়।
āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻāϰে British English-āĻ:
The team are wearing their new shirts.
āĻāĻাāύে team-āĻāϰ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻাāĻŦা āĻšāϝ়েāĻে।
āϤাāĻ āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻো:
Collective noun-āĻāϰ agreement context āĻāĻŦং variety of English-āĻāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻāϰ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Formal academic writing-āĻ consistency āĻŦāĻাāϝ় āϰাāĻা āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ।
⧍ā§Ŧ. Uncountable Noun
āĻিāĻু Noun āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻāĻŖāύা āĻāϰা āϝাāϝ় āύা āĻāĻŦং singular grammar-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϤো āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰে।
āϝেāĻŽāύ:
water
milk
information
advice
knowledge
furniture
money
Examples:
The information is useful.
The furniture is expensive.
His advice is helpful.
⧍ā§. Advice-āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āύিāϝ়āĻŽ
❌ His advices are useful.
āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ English-āĻ:
✅ His advice is useful.
āĻāĻাāϧিāĻ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ āĻŦোāĻাāϤে:
pieces of advice
āϝেāĻŽāύ:
He gave me two pieces of advice.
ā§¨ā§Ž. Information
Information āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ uncountable noun।
❌ The informations are useful.
✅ The information is useful.
⧍⧝. Mathematics, Physics, Economics
āĻিāĻু subject-āĻāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻļেāώে -s āĻĨাāĻāϞেāĻ āϤাāϰা āĻāĻāĻি academic subject āĻŦোāĻাāϞে singular verb āύিāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Examples:
Mathematics is interesting.
Physics is difficult.
Economics is an important subject.
āĻāĻাāύে āĻļেāώেāϰ -s āĻĻেāĻে plural āϧāϰে āύেāĻŦে āύা।
ā§Šā§Ļ. News
News-āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে -s āĻĨাāĻāϞেāĻ standard English-āĻ āĻāĻি singular noun āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
The news is good.
❌ The news are good.
ā§Šā§§. There is / There are
There is āĻāĻŦং There are-āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻĒāϰেāϰ noun-āĻāϰ number āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ।
Singular:
There is a book on the table.
Plural:
There are two books on the table.
ā§Šā§¨. There was / There were
Past-āĻ:
There was a problem.
There were many problems.
ā§Šā§Š. One of + Plural Noun
Structure:
One of + plural noun + singular verb
Example:
One of my friends is a teacher.
āĻāĻাāύে friends plural āĻšāϞেāĻ āĻāϏāϞ Subject āĻšāϞো One।
āϤাāĻ:
is
āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšāϝ়েāĻে।
ā§Šā§Ē. A number of āĻŦāύাāĻŽ The number of
āĻāĻি āĻুāĻŦ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ।
A number of + plural noun → plural Verb
A number of students are absent.
āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ: āĻ āύেāĻ āĻাāϤ্āϰ āĻ āύুāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ।
The number of + plural noun → singular Verb
The number of students is increasing.
āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ: āĻাāϤ্āϰāĻĻেāϰ āϏংāĻ্āϝা āĻŦাāĻĄ়āĻে।
ā§Šā§Ģ. Subject-āĻāϰ āĻŽাāĻে Phrase āĻĨাāĻāϞে
āĻ āύেāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ় Subject-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻāĻāĻি phrase āĻāϏে Verb-āĻāϰ āĻাāĻাāĻাāĻি āĻĨাāĻে। āϤāĻāύ āĻাāĻেāϰ noun āĻĻেāĻে āĻুāϞ āĻāϰা āĻāĻিāϤ āύāϝ়।
Example:
The box of books is heavy.
āĻāĻাāύে:
Subject = The box
of books āĻšāϞো prepositional phrase।
āϤাāĻ:
is
āĻšāĻŦে, are āύāϝ়।
❌ The box of books are heavy.
✅ The box of books is heavy.
ā§Šā§Ŧ. Along with / As well as / Together with
āĻāĻ expressions āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻŽূāϞ Subject-āĻāϰ number āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻāϰে āύা।
Example:
Rahul, along with his friends, is coming.
āĻŽূāϞ Subject:
Rahul
āϤাāĻ:
is
āĻāϰāĻ:
The teacher, as well as the students, is present.
ā§Šā§. Relative Pronoun-āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে
Relative clause-āĻ Verb-āĻāϰ agreement āĻŦুāĻāϤে antecedent āĻŦা āϝাāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে relative pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻে, āϏেāĻি āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻšāϝ়।
Example:
He is one of the students who work hard.
āĻāĻাāύে who → students-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻিāϤ।
āĻāϰ:
He is the only one of the students who works hard.
āĻāĻাāύে who → the only one-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻিāϤ।
āĻāĻি Advanced Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦিāώāϝ়; āĻāĻāύ basic āϧাāϰāĻŖাāĻি āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻো।
ā§Šā§Ž. Subject-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে “of” āĻĻেāĻāϞে āϏাāĻŦāϧাāύ
Example:
The list of names is on the table.
āĻāĻাāύে Subject āĻšāϞো:
The list
names āύāϝ়।
āϤাāĻ:
is
āĻāϰ:
The names of the students are on the list.
āĻāĻাāύে Subject:
The names
āϤাāĻ:
are
ā§Šā§¯. āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻিāĻু Noun
āĻিāĻু Noun āĻĻেāĻāϤে plural āĻšāϞেāĻ āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨে singular āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে, āĻāĻŦাāϰ āĻিāĻু noun plural āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:
The news is surprising.
āĻিāύ্āϤু:
The police are investigating the case.
Police āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ plural agreement āύেāϝ় āϝāĻāύ police officers āĻŦোāĻাāύো āĻšāϝ়।
ā§Ēā§Ļ. Subject–Verb Agreement āĻļেāĻাāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ Formula
Sentence āĻĻেāĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻিāĻ্āĻাāϏা āĻāϰো:
Step 1:
Subject āĻে āĻŦা āĻী?
Step 2:
Subject Singular āύা Plural?
Step 3:
āĻোāύ Tense?
Step 4:
āĻোāύ Auxiliary Verb āĻĻāϰāĻাāϰ?
Step 5:
Main Verb-āĻāϰ āĻোāύ form āĻĻāϰāĻাāϰ?
āĻāĻ āĻĒাঁāĻāĻি āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āĻāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻĻাāĻ।
đ ā§Ēā§§. Quick Agreement Chart
| Subject | Be | Have | Do | Present Simple |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | have | do | play |
| You | are | have | do | play |
| We | are | have | do | play |
| They | are | have | do | play |
| He | is | has | does | plays |
| She | is | has | does | plays |
| It | is | has | does | plays |
āĻāĻ Chart-āĻি āύিāϝ়āĻŽিāϤ practice āĻāϰো।
⚠️ ā§Ē⧍. Common Mistakes
āĻুāϞ ā§§
❌ He go to school.
✅ He goes to school.
āĻুāϞ ⧍
❌ She like music.
✅ She likes music.
āĻুāϞ ā§Š
❌ They plays football.
✅ They play football.
āĻুāϞ ā§Ē
❌ I is happy.
✅ I am happy.
āĻুāϞ ā§Ģ
❌ They is ready.
✅ They are ready.
āĻুāϞ ā§Ŧ
❌ She have a book.
✅ She has a book.
āĻুāϞ ā§
❌ He don't like tea.
Formal standard English-āĻ:
✅ He doesn't like tea.
āĻুāϞ ā§Ž
❌ Does he plays cricket?
✅ Does he play cricket?
āĻুāϞ ⧝
❌ The students is ready.
✅ The students are ready.
āĻুāϞ ā§§ā§Ļ
❌ Each students are ready.
āϏāĻ িāĻ:
✅ Each student is ready.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§§
Fill in the blanks
āϏāĻ িāĻ Verb āĻŦāϏাāĻ:
He ______ to school every day. (go)
They ______ football every afternoon. (play)
She ______ English very well. (speak)
I ______ happy today. (be)
The boys ______ ready. (be)
My brother ______ a new phone. (have)
We ______ our homework regularly. (do)
Everyone ______ happy. (be)
The team ______ ready. (be)
The information ______ useful. (be)
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ⧍
Choose the correct option
ā§§.
He ___ football.
a) play
b) plays
⧍.
They ___ students.
a) is
b) are
ā§Š.
She ___ a book.
a) have
b) has
ā§Ē.
I ___ ready.
a) am
b) is
ā§Ģ.
Everyone ___ welcome.
a) is
b) are
ā§Ŧ.
The boys ___ cricket.
a) plays
b) play
ā§.
Does she ___ English?
a) speaks
b) speak
ā§Ž.
Did they ___ there?
a) went
b) go
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Š
āĻুāϞ Sentence āĻ িāĻ āĻāϰো
He go to school.
She have a pen.
They is happy.
I is a student.
The boys plays football.
Everyone are ready.
Does he likes tea?
Did she went home?
The information are useful.
One of my friends are a doctor.
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ē
āĻŦাংāϞা āĻĨেāĻে English
āϏে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āϏ্āĻুāϞে āϝাāϝ়।
āϤাāϰা āĻĢুāĻāĻŦāϞ āĻেāϞে।
āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻাāϤ্āϰ।
āϏে āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦāĻ āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻে।
āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻে āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤ।
āĻāĻŽাāϰ āĻাāĻāϝ়েāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻাāĻĄ়ি āĻāĻে।
āĻাāϤ্āϰāĻĻেāϰ āϏংāĻ্āϝা āĻŦাāĻĄ়āĻে।
āĻāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧুāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻ।
āĻļিāĻ্āώāĻ āĻāĻŦং āĻাāϤ্āϰāϰা āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞāĻে।
āĻŦাāĻ্āϏেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ āύেāĻ āĻŦāĻ āĻāĻে।
đ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ģ
āύিāĻে Sentence āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰো
āύিāĻেāϰ Subject āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻāĻāĻি āĻāϰে Sentence āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰো:
I
He
She
They
Rahul
The students
Everyone
Each student
My family
The teacher
✅ āĻāϤ্āϤāϰ
āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§§
goes
play
speaks
am
are
has
do
is
is
is
āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ⧍
plays
are
has
am
is
play
speak
go
āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Š
He goes to school.
She has a pen.
They are happy.
I am a student.
The boys play football.
Everyone is ready.
Does he like tea?
Did she go home?
The information is useful.
One of my friends is a doctor.
āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύী – ā§Ē
He/She goes to school every day.
They play football.
I am a student.
He/She is reading a book.
Everyone is ready.
My brother has a car.
The number of students is increasing.
One of my friends is a teacher.
The teacher and the students are talking.
There are many books in the box.
đ¯ āĻāĻāĻেāϰ Homework
āĻāĻ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻাāϰāĻĒাāĻļেāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻ āĻিāύিāϏ āύিāϝ়ে ⧍ā§ĻāĻি English Sentence āϞেāĻো।
āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻি Sentence-āĻāϰ:
Subject → Verb → Singular/Plural
āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰো।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:
Sayan reads English books.
Subject: Sayan
Verb: reads
Number: Singular
āĻāϰ:
Students read English books.
Subject: Students
Verb: read
Number: Plural
⭐ Golden Rules
āĻāĻāĻেāϰ āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ় āĻĨেāĻে āĻāĻ āύিāϝ়āĻŽāĻুāϞো āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻাāĻŦে āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻāĻŦে:
He / She / It + V-s/es
I / You / We / They + V1
He / She / It → is / has / does
I → am / have / do
You / We / They → are / have / do
Did + V1
Does + V1
Each / Every + Singular Noun + Singular Verb
Everyone / Everybody + Singular Verb
One of + Plural Noun + Singular Verb
A number of + Plural Verb
The number of + Singular Verb
Subject āĻুঁāĻে Verb āύিāϰ্āĻŦাāĻāύ āĻāϰো; āĻাāĻেāϰ noun āĻĻেāĻে āĻুāϞ āĻāϰো āύা।
đ āĻāĻāĻেāϰ āĻļেāĻা āĻŦিāώāϝ়
āĻāĻ āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻļিāĻāϞাāĻŽ—
✅ Subject–Verb Agreement
✅ Singular āĻ Plural Subject
✅ He/She/It-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে Verb-āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ
✅ Do / Does / Did
✅ Is / Am / Are
✅ Was / Were
✅ Has / Have
✅ And
✅ Or / Nor
✅ Either...or
✅ Neither...nor
✅ Each / Every
✅ Everyone / Everybody
✅ Collective Noun
✅ Uncountable Noun
✅ One of
✅ A number of / The number of
✅ There is / There are
✅ Common Errors
✅ Sentence Correction
đ Chapter Summary
Subject–Verb Agreement English Grammar-āĻāϰ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦিāώāϝ় āϝা āĻোāĻ Sentence āĻĨেāĻে āĻļুāϰু āĻāϰে Academic Writing, Essay, Report, Examination Answer āĻāĻŦং English Literature-āĻāϰ āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖাāϤ্āĻŽāĻ āϞেāĻাāϤেāĻ āĻ āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ।
āĻāĻāĻি āĻাāϞো Sentence āĻļুāϧু Vocabulary āĻাāύāϞেāĻ āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ় āύা। Subject, Verb, Tense āĻāĻŦং Number-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏāĻ িāĻ grammatical relationship āĻĨাāĻা āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύ।
āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻāĻŦে—
Subject āĻāĻে āĻুঁāĻে āĻŦেāϰ āĻāϰো → Singular/Plural āĻŦোāĻো → Tense āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰো → āϤাāϰāĻĒāϰ Verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ form āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰো।
āĻāĻāĻি Sentence-āĻ Subject-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻ āύ্āϝ āĻোāύো noun āĻŦা phrase āĻĨাāĻāϞেāĻ āϏেāĻ noun-āĻে Subject āϧāϰে āύেāĻŦে āύা।
āϝেāĻŽāύ:
The box of books is heavy.
āĻāĻাāύে books āύāϝ়, box āĻšāϞো Subject।
āĻāĻŦাāϰ:
The names of the students are on the list.
āĻāĻাāύে names āĻšāϞো Subject।
āĻāĻāĻাāĻŦে Sentence-āĻে āĻেāĻে āĻĻেāĻাāϰ āĻ āĻ্āϝাāϏ āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰāϞে Grammar āĻ āύেāĻ āϏāĻšāĻ āĻšāϝ়ে āϝাāĻŦে।
đŋ āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻুāύ
“Correct English is not only about knowing words; it is also about knowing how those words agree with one another.”
āĻ āϰ্āĻĨাā§,
“āĻļুāϧু āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻাāύা āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āύāϝ়; āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻুāϞোāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏāĻ িāĻ grammatical āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰাāĻ āĻাāύāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।”
āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ ā§§ā§ĻāĻি Sentence āϞেāĻো āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻিāϰ Subject āĻ Verb āĻুঁāĻে āĻŦেāϰ āĻāϰো।
āĻāĻ āĻোāĻ āĻ āĻ্āϝাāϏāĻ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ English Writing-āĻāϰ foundation āĻāϰāĻ āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻāϰāĻŦে।
đ āĻāĻাāĻŽী āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়
āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ় – ⧍ā§Ļ
QUESTIONS, NEGATIVES & IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻŦোāϧāĻ, āύা-āĻŦোāϧāĻ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻĻেāĻļ/āĻ āύুāϰোāϧāĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ
āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻļিāĻāĻŦ—
Affirmative Sentence
Negative Sentence
Interrogative Sentence
Yes/No Questions
WH-Questions
Who, What, When, Where, Why, Which, Whose, How
Do / Does / Did
Am / Is / Are
Was / Were
Have / Has / Had
Imperative Sentence
Command
Request
Advice
Instruction
Let-āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ
Question formation
Negative formation
Common mistakes
Translation Practice
Exercises & Answer Key
đ ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature — ā§Šā§Ļ āĻ āϧ্āϝাāϝ়েāϰ āϝাāϤ্āϰা
Chapter 01 → English āĻļেāĻাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒাāĻ
Chapter 02 → English Alphabet (A–Z)
Chapter 03 → Vowels & Consonants
Chapter 04 → Capital & Small Letters
Chapter 05 → English Word & Word Formation
Chapter 06 → Syllable
Chapter 07 → Parts of Speech
Chapter 08 → Noun
Chapter 09 → Pronoun
Chapter 10 → Verb
Chapter 11 → Adjective
Chapter 12 → Adverb
Chapter 13 → Preposition
Chapter 14 → Conjunction & Interjection
Chapter 15 → Articles & Determiners
Chapter 16 → Sentence & Sentence Structure
Chapter 17 → Subject & Predicate
Chapter 18 → Tense
Chapter 19 → Subject–Verb Agreement ✅
Chapter 20 → Questions, Negatives & Imperative Sentences ⏭️
Chapter 21 → Phrase & Clause
Chapter 22 → Voice
Chapter 23 → Direct & Indirect Speech
Chapter 24 → Auxiliary Verbs & Modals
Chapter 25 → Transformation of Sentences
Chapter 26 → Vocabulary, Idioms, Synonyms & Antonyms
Chapter 27 → Paragraph, Letter, Essay & Composition
Chapter 28 → Reading, Comprehension & Writing Skills
Chapter 29 → Introduction to English Literature
Chapter 30 → ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature — āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϝাāϤ্āϰা āĻ Graduate-Level Literature Roadmap
✍️ Sayan Das
English Hons. Graduate | Author & Teacher
ABCD āĻĨেāĻে English Grammar āĻ Literature
Free & Open Educational eBook for Students
“āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āĻ āϞ্āĻĒ āĻ āϞ্āĻĒ āĻāϰে āĻļিāĻāĻŦ, āĻিāύ্āϤু āύিāϝ়āĻŽিāϤ āĻļিāĻāĻŦ।”